Which one of the following protocols is not an application layer of the TCP/IP model

Which one of the following protocols is not an application layer of the TCP/IP model?

1. FTP
2. HTTP
3. DNS
4. IP

• Answer: The correct option is D
• Explanation:

  FTP, HTTP, and DNS are all application layer protocols in the TCP/IP model. IP (Internet Protocol) operates at the network layer and is not part of the application layer.

  FTP (File Transfer Protocol): FTP is an application layer protocol used for transferring files between a client and a server on a computer network.

  HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol): HTTP is an application layer protocol used for transmitting hypermedia documents, such as HTML files, over the World Wide Web.

  DNS (Domain Name System): It translates domain names into IP addresses, allowing users to access resources by domain names rather than numerical IP addresses.

  IP (Internet Protocol): IP is a network layer protocol responsible for addressing, routing, and delivering packets of data across networks.